Grinding machine



*Nov. 20, 1923 HQH RICHARDSON GRINDING MACHINE 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 10;

Inveni'or Harry H. Richqvdson A 0 H. H. RICHARDSON GRINDING MACHINE Filed July 10 1922 S Sheets-Sheet 3 I nve nror Harry H. Richard son nwllll wil Nov. 20 1923 H. H. RICHARDSON GRINDING MACHINE s shamans 5 Filed July 10, 1922 Inverdrdv Harry. H. H chard son RICHARDSON, a subject of the King of Great Patented Nov. 20, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IIARRY HAMILToN RICHARDSON, or HAMILTON, ONTARNO, CANADA, ASSIGNOR To THE UNION DRAWN STEEL COMPANY LIMITED, or HAMILTON, oNTARIo, CANADA.

GRINDING MACHINE.

Application filed July 10, 1922. Serial No. 574,072.

To all w ham it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY HAMILTON Britain, and a resident of the city of Hamilton, in the county of Wentworth, in the Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new'and useful Improvements in Grinding Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in grinding machines with particular reference to the manufacture of drawing dies for cold process drawing the individual pieces or segments of which dies comprise fiat, concave and convex faces, and the object of the invention is to enable-these die pieces to be entirely made, from a rough blank, upon a single machine by means of grinding opera-- tions only, thus reducing the cost of manufacture by the elimination of a number of machine tools hitherto required in performing the various machining operations; a further object is to improve the quality and durability of these dies by permitting-the use of harder and superior grades of alloy steel in their manufacture; and a still further object is to greatly shorten the length of time required in the making of these dies. Other objects will appear in the course of the following specification.

My invention consists essentially of a grinding machine having a work holding head which may be given either a rotary or an oscillatory motion, an electric motor carrying a grinding wheel, said motor universally mounted upon the machine in front of the work holding head and adapte-dto be given either an automatic reversiblecrossfeed upon the machine or an automatic reversible longitudinal-feed as desired, all as hereinafter more particularly described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which; r i

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic front elevation of a grinding machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof, the top of a casing, in which certain operating mechanism is carried, being removed to show the interior.

Fig. 3 is an end elevation looking in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1 the motor.

and carriage for the grinding wheel being removed to show the work carrying head in face View.

ing

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic viewof a work holding chuck, showing a die piece held thereby, in the position for grinding a concave face thereon, the relative position of the grinding wheel being shown in broken lines.

F ig. 5 is a similar view showing the relative positions for grinding a convex face.

In the drawings like characters ofreference indicate corresponding parts in the different views. 1 is the main frame of my machine and 2 1s a casing at the head thereof in which certaln operating gearing and other mechanism is carried.

3 is the main spindle of the machine which is suitably mounted after the usual manner longitudinally of the machine and projects outwardly from the inner end ofthe casing 2. This spindle is j o-urnalled in the casing 2 at 4 and 5.

6 is a work carrying head rigidly and concentrically carried at the inner end of the main spindle 3 and is provided with the work holding jaws 7 which jaws are adapted to be closed and opened in the usual manner by handles 8.

9 is a circular disc rigidly carried by the main spindle 3 immediately behind the head 6. This disc 9 is provided with a notch 10 in its periphery the purpose of which will appear hereinafter.

11 is a ear wheel rigidly carried by the main spindle at the forward end of the cas- '12 is the usual. form of cone pulley and is rotatably mounted upon the main spindle 3.

13 is a ring gear rigidly carried at the forward end of the cones 12, and 14; is a gear similarly carried by the other end of the cone pulleys.

15 is a disc also rigidly, carried by the cone pulley 12.

The {gears13 and 14 and the disc 15 are concentric with the cones 12.

16 is a pin slidably extending through the gear 11 the inner end of which is adapted to be placed into engagement within an orifice 17 in the face of the disc 15.

18 is an electric motor suitably carried within the base of the frame of the machine and drives a lower cone pulley 19.

20-indicates abelt operatively connecting the cone pulleys 19 and 12.

21 is a lever for shifting the belt 20.

22 is a ack-shaft extending parallel with the main spindle 3 and has its'ends journalled in the main frame at 23 and 24.

This shaft 22 projects inwardly from the inner end of the casing 2 and 25 is a circular disc rigidly and concentrically carried at 29 is a shifting rod associated with the gear 28 and is adapted to slide said gear alOIlg the shaft after the usual manner.

30 is a handle for operating the shifting rod 29. I

31 and 32 are two gears rigidly carried by a sleeve 33, which sleeve is rotatably mounted upon a stub shaft 34 disposed parallel with and behind the jack-shaft 22.

The gear 28 may be shifted to engage either the gear 31 or the gear 32 and when in engagement with the latter it is also in engagement with the gear 11.

35 indicates the main carriage of the machine which is slidable longitudinally after the usual manner upon a bed 36.

Means are provided for automatically feeding the main carriage in either direction longitudinally of the machine, but as this,

feed may be of any standard type applicable to this class of machine, it is. not thought necessary to describe it in detail.

The drive for this longitudinal feed would be taken from the gear 13 through suitable gearing such as 37 and 38 and means for engaging and disengaging the feed would be provided in the form of a clutch (not shown) operated by thehand wheel 39.

Automatic reversing mechanism -would also be provided as illustrated diagrammatically by the lever 40 and the stops 41 and 42 carried by the carriage 35 butthis again follows standard practice and is therefore not described in detail.

43 is'a hand wheel for moving the main carriage longitudinally by hand independently of the aforesaid automatic feed. This also follows standard practice. v

44 is a subsidiary carriage slidably mounted upon a crosswise bed 45 carried bythe main carriage 35. i I

An automatic reversible feed of standard type is also provided whereby the carriage 44 may be fed crosswise of the machine upon the crosswise bed 45.

The drive to this cross feed would be taken from the gear 32 and is indicated diagrammatically by the shaft 46 and gear 47.

As with the longitudinal feed, any standard type of clutch might beprovided for engaging and disengaging the crosswise feed, which clutch would be operated after the usual manner by a hand wheel 48.

49 is a hand wheel for moving the crosswise carriage independently of the above mentioned automatic feed.

50 is an electric motor rotatably mounted upon the crosswise carriage 44 and is rotatable about a vertical axis.

This motor may be turned to occupy any desired angular position with respect of the longitudinal axis of the machine.

51 is a grinding wheel operated by the motor 50.

52 are graduations to facilitate the setting of the motor at any desired angular position.

53 are pans carried by the main carriage.

54 is a connecting rod one end of which is journalled upon a T-headed bolt 55, the head of which bolt slidably engages within the T-slot 26 in the face of the disc 25.

The bolt may be secured at any desired 3 position within the slot 26 by means of a nut 56.

' which a concave face 60 is being ground.

61 (see Fig. 5) indicates a die piece upon which a convex face 62 is being ground.

The construction and operation of my machine is as follows:

It will be apparent that the cone pulley 12 with the gears 13 and 14 will be rotated upon the main spindle 3 from the motor 18 and the cone pulley 19. This cone pulley 12 constitutes the main drive of the machine.

'Also, since the gear 27 is in constant mesh with the gear 14, the jack-shaft 22 and with it the gear 28 and the disc 25 will also be constantly rotated.

Considering the machine to be in the position illustrated in Figure 2 in which the shifting gear 28 is in the neutral position and the connecting rod 54 engaged with the discs 25 and 9.

It will be noted that the disc 9 will be given an oscillatory motion, due to the rotation of the disc 25 and therefore the work holding head 6 will also be oscillated.

In the position illustrated, it will also be evident that the cross feed isentirely disengaged since this feed is taken from the gear 32 which gear is not now rotating.

The longitudinal feed however being taken from the gear 13 is always in mesh holding head 6 combined with a longitudinal feed of the grinding wheel 51.

If it is now desired to use the cross feed the gear 28 is shifted by means of the lever 30 so that it is in mesh with the gear 31 and upon disengaging the clutchoperated by the hand wheel 39 and engaging the clutch operated by the hand wheel &8 the longitudinal feed is disengaged and the cross feed engaged in which case the machine is connected to provide an oscillatory motion of the head 6 combined with a cross feed of the grinding wheel 51.

The position of the shifting lever 30 for this connection is indicated in broken lines at B in Figure 1, the neutral position being indicated in full lines at A.

The above described connections thus provide a grinding machine in which the work holding head may be given an oscillatory motion combined witheither a longitudinal feed or a cross feed of the grinding wheel.

If now it is desired to provide a rotary motion of the head 6, the connecting rod 54 is disengaged entirely and removed.

In this case, if the gear 28 is in the posi tion illustrated in Figure 2 no motion whatever would be given to the head 6 unless the pin 16 is engaged with the orifice 17, in the face of the disc (as shown in Figure 1) in which case the head 6 would be directly connected to the cone pulleys 12 and would be rapidly rotated thereby.

This direct connection would only be used where a very high rotational speed of the head 6 is desired such as it might be possible to use on very small, light work.

Urdinarily this pin 16 would be main tained in the disengaged position (see full lines in Figure 2) and the rotary motion of the head 6 would be obtained by shifting the gear 28 forwardly to place it into engagement with the gears 32 and 11. This position of the lever is indicated in broken lines at C in Figure 1.

It will thus be seen that the head 6 will be rotated, the drive being from gear 14: to gear 27, to shaft 22, gear 28 to gear 11.

In this position it will be noted that both the longitudinal and cross feed gearing is in mesh so that either of these feeds may be used as desired by connecting in the proper clutch by means of the hand wheels 39 or 48.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the head 6 may be given either an oscillatory motion combined'with either a longitudinal feed or a crosswise feed of the grind ing wheel, and also a rotational motion combined with either of these feeds.

In using the oscillatory motion the are of oscillation may be varied by adjusting the position of the T-bolt radially inwardly or outwardly in the slot 26 in the disc 25.

The angular position of the motor 50 upon the machine may be adjusted as desired (see dotted position at G in Figure 2).

In grinding a concave surface upon a die piece, the blank 59 is mounted within the jaws 7 in the position illustrated in Figure 4, so that the grinding wheel 51 engages the inner face thereof.

In this operation the longitudinal feed is used and either the rotary or oscillatory motion of the head 6 could be used, but greater economy in time will-be obtained by using the oscillatory head, as will be explained hereinafter.

In grinding a convex face, the blank 62 is mounted in the jaws 7 in the position illustrated in Figure 5, and the grinding wheel 51 brought to engage the outer face of the blank.

In this instance, as in grinding the concave face above described, a longitudinal feed would be used and also while either the rotary or oscillatory motion of the head 6 could be used, it is preferable to use the oscillatory head.

In grinding a plain surface the cross feed is used so that the grinding wheel is fed crosswise of the head 6 and the work is suitably mounted in the jaws 7 for engagement with the grinding wheel 51. In this case also either the rotational or oscillatory head could be used, the most desirable from a point of view of economy depending upon the particular work being performed.

In this operation the motor would probably be set at an angle (see dotted position at D in Figure 2) and a bevel grinding wheel used, or the motor might be set longitudinally and a cupped grinding wheel used.

From the foregoing it will be noted that my machine provides means for grinding either concave, convex or plain surfaces and due to the provision of the oscillatory head, the arc of oscillation of which may be made as large or small as desired, great eificiency may be obtained. with practically no lost motion, since the blank being ground may be oscillated back and forth past the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, the arc of oscillation being adjusted so that the blank just clears the grinding surface of the wheel in each direction and therefore the grinding wheel will be in cutting engagement with the blank constantly and there will be no waste motion as would be the case if a rotary motion were used in which case the grinding wheel would only be in cutting engagement with the blank during a very small portion of each revolution.

This provision enables these dies to be made very much more rapidly than hitherto.

A further feature of my invention is that a die piece having convex, concave and plain surfaces may be made entirely from the rough blank upon my machine by the use &

of grinding operations only without the necessity of employing any other machine tools.

This is a most important feature since it enables much harder and finer grades of alloy steel to be used in making these dies than has been hitherto possible thusincreasing their life.

A further advantage is that since in my invention grinding operations only are used, the rough blanks may be obtained in the fully heat treated condition before being made up, whereas by the former method owing to the necessity of using ordinary machine tools this could not be done, but it was necessary to temper the pieces after machining thus lengthening the process and also creating trouble due to distortion.

Formerly, the process of making these dies involved the use of a shaper for cutting the plain surfaces and a boring machine for boring the concave surfaces, after which operations the pieces wereheat treated and then the various surfaces were ground in the ordinary way on a grinding machine.

It will be understood that suitable brakes will be provided for the motor and also for the main spindle 3 but as these will be of standard construction and are not a part of my present invention they are not shown or described in detail.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is:

1. In a grinding machine, the combina tion with a work holding head and a grinding wheel rotatable about a horizontal axis, of means for selectivelyoscillating or rotating the head about a horizontal aXis.

2. In a grinding machine, the combination with a work holding head and a grindingwheel rotatable about a horizontal axis of means for oscillating said head about a horizontal axis, and means for selectively feeding the grinding wheel either parallel with or transversely of the axis of oscillation of the head. I

3. In a grinding machine, the combinat1on with a work holding head and a rotable grinding wheel, of means for selectively rotating or oscillating common axis.

4. In a grinding machine, the combination with a work holding spindle for the machine, a work holding head rigidly carried at one end thereof, a rotatable grinding wheel spindle and a grinding wheel carried. thereby, the axes of the aforesaid spindles both being horizontal, of means for selectively rotating or oscillating the work holding spindle about its own axis.

5. In a grinding machine, the combination with a rotatably mounted main spin,- dle for the machine, the main drive of the machine, and a work holding head rigidly carried by the main spindle, of a rotatably mounted disc, means for continuously. rotatthe head about a ing said disc from the main drive, a disc rigidly carried by .the main spindle, and a connecting rod pivotally connected to the aforesaid discs adjacent to the peripheries thereof.

.6. In a. grinding machine the combination with a rotatably mounted main spindle for the machine, the main drive of the machine,-and a work holding head rigidly carried'by the main spindle, of a rotatably mounted disc, means for continuously rotating said disc from the main drive, a disc rigidly carried by the main spindle, and a connecting rod pivotally and detachably connected to the aforesaid discs adjacent to the peripheries thereof.

7. In a grinding machine, the combination with a rotatably mounted main spindle for the machine, the main drive of the ma chine, and a work holding head rigidly carried by the main spindle, of a rotatably mounted disc, means for continuously rotating said disc from the main drive, a disc rigidly carried by the main spindle, a connecting rod pivotally connected to the aforesaid discs adjacent to the peripheries thereof, and means for adjusting the point of engagement of the connecting rod with one of the discs radially thereof.

8. In a grinding machine, the combination with the frame of the machine, the main spindle rotatably journalled in the frame and a work holding head rigidly and concentrically carried by the spindle, of a drive pulley rotatably carried by the spindle, a jack-shaft journalled in the frame and disposed parallel to the main spindle, constant mesh gears rigidly carriedby the aforesaid drive pulley and the jack-shaft, a disc rigidly and concentrically carried by .the end of the j ack-shaft, a disc rigidly and concentrically carried by the main spindle, and a connecting rod having its ends pivotally connected respectively to the aforesaid discs adjacent to the peripheries thereof.

' 9. In a grinding machine the combina tion with the frame of the machine, the.

main spindle rotatably journalled in the frame, and awork holding head rigidly and concentrically carried by the spindle, of a drive pulley rotatably carried by the spindle, a jack-shaft journalled in the frame and disposed parallel to the main spindle, constant mesh gears rigidly carried by the aforesaid drive pulley and the jack-shaft, a disc rigidly and concentrically carried by the end of the j ack-shaft, a disc rigidly and concentrically carried by the main spindle, and a connecting rod having its ends pivotally and detachable connected respectively to the aforesaid discs adjacent to the peripheries thereof.

10. In a grinding machine, the combination with the frame of the machine, the main spindle rotatably journalled in the frame, and a Work holding head rigidly and concentrically carried by the spindle, of a drive pulley rotatably carried by the spindle, a jack-shaft journalled in the frame and disposed parallel to the main spindle, constant mesh gears rigidly carried by the aforesaid drive pulley and the jackshaft, a disc rigidly and concentrically carried by the end of the jack-shaft, a disc rigidly and concentrically carried by the main spindle, one of said discs provided with a radial slot in the face thereof, a

and means for securing said end at any desired radial position within said slot.

HARRY HAMILTON RIQHARDSON.

Witnesses: i

JOHN J. HAYWARD, Nommn COLES. 

